Background. In Ethiopia, little is known regarding the distribution and the in vitro antifungal susceptibility profile of yeasts.\nObjective. This study was undertaken to determine the spectrum and the in vitro antifungal susceptibility pattern of yeasts isolated\nfrom HIV infected patients with OPC. Method. Oral pharyngeal swabs taken from oral lesions of study subjects were inoculated\nonto Sabouraud Dextrose Agar. Yeasts were identified by employing conventional test procedures and the susceptibility of yeasts to\nantifungal agents was evaluated by disk diffusion assay method. Result. One hundred and fifty-five yeast isolates were recovered of\nwhich 91 isolates were from patients that were not under HAART and 64 were from patients that were under HAART. C. albicans was\nthe most frequently isolated species followed by C. glabrata, C. tropicalis, C. krusei, C. kefyr, Cryptococcus laurentii, and Rhodotorula\nspecies. Irrespective of yeasts isolated and identified, 5.8%, 5.8%, 12.3%, 8.4%, 0.6%, and 1.3% of the isolates were resistant to\namphotericin B, clotrimazole, fluconazole, ketoconazole, miconazole, and nystatin, respectively. Conclusion. Yeast colonization\nrate of 69.2% and 31% resistance to six antifungal agents was documented. These highlight the need for nationwide study on the\nepidemiology of OPC and resistance to antifungal drugs.
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